The efficient use of wild plant resources plays a crucial role in ensuring long-term economic development. Sustainable management of these resources directly contributes to the creation of jobs in the regions, the improvement of social well-being and the realization of the potential of ecotourism. In this regard, the protection of wild flora is not only an ecological, but also a strategic priority. The implemented conservation measures, in addition to preserving the genetic fund of nature, guarantee a stable and healthy living environment for future generations. The research study comprehensively analyzes the biological characteristics, ecological advantages and socio-economic importance of wild plants. In modern times, biodiversity has been seriously threatened as a result of industrialization, urbanization and climate change. In particular, the narrowing of the distribution areas of wild plants and the disappearance of some species have a negative impact on the stability of ecosystems. The study shows that wild plants are distinguished by their high adaptability and genetic diversity. They play an important role in maintaining soil fertility, preventing erosion and regulating the water cycle. At the same time, these plants are one of the main providers of regulatory, supply, supporting and cultural functions of ecosystem services. Their role is especially great in terms of carbon absorption and feeding pollinators. The socio-economic importance of wild plants is also noteworthy. In addition to being a source of food for rural communities, they create additional income opportunities and serve to preserve traditional knowledge. However, unsustainable collection methods, overexploitation of resources and weak management systems create serious problems in this area. This leads to a decline in biodiversity and long-term economic losses. A comprehensive approach is required for the conservation and sustainable use of wild plants. The implementation of sustainable harvesting strategies, the expansion of awareness-raising activities and the improvement of public policy are key priorities in this area. These measures can make a significant contribution to the protection of biodiversity and the sustainable development of ecosystems.