This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the key factors influencing the academic success of learners in the military education environment. The study demonstrates that academic performance is shaped not only by individual abilities but also by the interaction of pedagogical, psychological, social, organizational, and technological factors. From a pedagogical perspective, interactive and competency-based teaching methods, as well as the quality of teacher–learner relationships, significantly enhance learning outcomes. Psychological factors, particularly motivation and stress resilience, play an essential role in learners’ adaptation to the educational process. In the social environment, collective relationships, leadership, and team spirit create conditions conducive to improved academic achievement. Organizational factors, such as the structure of curricula and material-technical resources, determine the effectiveness of the learning process. Technological capabilities make instruction more interactive and flexible. Overall, the synergy of these factors serves as the main determinant of learners’ academic success in the military education system and strengthens their professional preparedness.