The article examines the history of urban schools from 1849 to 1917 in the Iravan province, which was one of the provinces of Azerbaijan during the time of tsarist Russia, and in 1918 a state called Ararat (Armenia) was created in accordance with the political conditions of the time. Research shows that the 19th century entered the history of pedagogical thought, public education and school education in Azerbaijan as a new period. Important steps in this area have been taken since the turn of the century. Radical measures have been taken to replace centuries-old religious schools and madrassas with new ones. In the 19th, as in the entire South Caucasus, relatively favorable conditions were created for the development of education and schools in Azerbaijan and its provinces, including the Iravan region. The creation of local school administrations has made an important contribution to expanding the school network in the region and providing schools with teachers. In some districts of the Iravan region, former uyezd schools have been transformed into city schools. In some cases, city schools were opened as required by law. All this is researched in the article on the basis of Russian-language sources of that time, historical facts, on the basis of sources, the current lie of Armenians about the schools of the province is refuted.